Fundamental Rights

Discrimination not on grounds only of
- Art 15: religion, race, caste, sex, place of birth
- Art 16: religion, race, caste, sex, descent, place of birth, residence
Reservation
- First Backward Classes Commission: 1953, Kaka Kalelkar
- Second BCC: 1979, B P Mandal (by Morarji Desai govt)
- Article 340
Reasonable Restrictions
- Speech and Expression: sovereignty and integrity of India, security of the state, friendly relations with foreign states, public order, decency or morality, contempt of court, defamation and incitement to an offence
- Assembly: sovereignty and integrity of India and public order
- Association: sovereignty and integrity of India, public order and morality
- Movement: interest of general public and the protection of interests of any scheduled tribe
- Residence: interest of general public and the protection of interests of any scheduled tribe
- Profession: in the interest of the general public
Protection against self-incrimination does not extend to civil proceedings
Protection provided under normal detention in Art 22 not covers arrest under the orders of a court, civil arrest, arrest on failure to pay the income tax and deportation of an alien