- Commercialisation of Indian agriculture.
- Changed the nature and structure of agriculture
- A new class of landlords emerged that rented the land to farmers.
- Class of Moneylenders became the part of agriculture which destroyed the self sustained village unit.
- Loss of patronage to handicraft industry added another pressure on Indian land.
- Support from the ruling class in case of loss of crop was negligible which added misery to the sector.
- Permanent revenue settlement discouraged investment in agriculture.
- Cash crops got precedence over food crops which led to frequent famine and no support from ruling class made the situation more worse.
